Sport Science Blog

Regular articles, hints, tips and advice from our panel of Sports Nutrition experts

Pre Exercise Hydration – Are you REALLY doing enough?

29 July 2009 16:29 | Posted by: Chris Mcmanus

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Dehydration (loss of 2% body weight) can compromise exercise performance and may impair mental/cognitive performance. Therefore, athletes BEGINNING exercise in a state of dehydration severely reduce their potential for optimal performance, and should look to address this.

Having recently analysed the hydration status of athletes upon arrival to training or competition, it was evident that large numbers were significantly dehydrated before beginning exercise (Adult Running  Club = 55%; Semi- Pro Football Team = 38%; Youth Elite Tennis Squad =72%; Adult Rugby Team = 56%).

Furthermore, it has been shown in previous research that 55% of males and 62% of females were beginning exercise within a gym environment in a state of dehydration. It is well established that dehydration greatly influences the onset of fatigue and avoiding this can prolong exercise duration and increase self selected intensity level.

The table inserted below demonstrates how to easily assess your own hydration status from the colour of your urine, ensuring you begin exercise in an optimal state every time.

Do you have your own pre exercise strategy to ensure you are hydrated before you begin?

Is your whole team aware of this simple necessity to begin hydrated?

Please feel free to post any questions you may have regarding fluid requirements in the build up to training or competition.

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2 Comments

David ~ 17 October 2009

Hi, with regards to playing a 90 minute football match at quite a high intensity, what sort of fluid intake should be consumed before a game if you were only waking up a couple of hours before kick off?

Chris McManus ~ 20 October 2009

Good question David.

Current guidelines indicate consuming 5-7 ml of fluid per kilogram of body mass, 4 hours before the onset of exercise. (70 kg person consuming between 350-500 ml)

If you do not produce urine or the urine is dark or highly concentrated, (as indicated on the chart above), a further 3-5 ml of fluid per kg of body mass is required at least 2 hours before beginning exercise. (70 kg person consuming 210-350 ml).

These guidelines are all well and good, however, I appreciate it is not always possible to wake up 4 hours before beginning exercise. Therefore if you are only waking up a couple of hours before kick-off, it is paramount that you are going to sleep well hydrated (indicated as number 1 and 2 on the chart above). This will reduce the volume of fluid required in the morning to achieve optimal hydration within 2 hours.

In order to aid with fluid retention and stimulate thirst, consume fluids that contain sodium and/or small amounts of salted snacks.

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